n Processor Redundancy: The router must have a redundant CPU with hit-less failover. Does the router have a standby route processor that can automatically take over in the case of the original processor failing? Providing an active switchover, not requiring lengthy reboots, can help the router achieve the 99.999 uptime that is expected of it. Also, see that the router has an NEBS-complaint chassis and adequate redundant power backups.

Since router are expected to be up on a 24x7 basis, they must have hot swappable interface cards, so that operations are not affected by downtimes or decreased performance of the network.

n Stable Operating System: Operating system stability is expected in a router. As the number of routes maintained increases, more strain is put on the processor. A stable operating system must be in place to process the routes and manage connectivity, without including delay time to the router.

n Software Components Are Independent:
A distributed software architecture allows all software functions within the router to work independently. In case there is a problem with one of the components, rest of the services will run without any downtime. This is highly important in a service
provider network.

n Interoperability: Interoperability across multiple products is achievable by using standards-based products. Non-interoperability or problem in internetworking could result in unexpected time delays and even network outages.

n Multiple Protocols Support: High-level protocol support is needed to fully scale up to the variety of services that are being demanded of a router. Some crucial protocols that routers are expected to support are full BGP peering, OSPF, RIP and static routers, scalable traffic filtering, multicast migration features, policy-based routing, granular QoS, etc.

n Location of Deposits: Products support and service availability, with measurable service levels from original product manufacturers, are important if one is expecting a highly available network. Find out if the vendor has a local depot that stocks parts so that a speedy replacement of failed products can be assured. Also, a 24x7 service availability for support and technical assistance should be in place.

n Minimum Training: A product is only as good and stable as the people who man it. Thus, skills for maintenance and operations become very important. Go for products and use a single set of resources with minimal investments in training, and see that various products deployed across the network have a uniform look and feel.